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<br />Furthermore, persistent studies with fish and Daphnia have been conducted. For the toxicity to aquatic vegetation, no guideline examine is out there. However, taking into account the available research for toxicity to aquatic crops, the NOEC for algae may be assumed to be greater than that for Daphnia magna. Exposure to resorcinol by way of peeling agents presents an acute publicity state of affairs where the individual is exposed to a excessive concentration 7. Acute effects have been described beneath these circumstances.<br /><br /><h4></h4><br />There are differences in thyroid physiology between humans and animals. The weight of proof suggests that rodents are more delicate to thyroid results than humans.<br />Complete recovery in all animals occurred inside 1—1. Of the following research, the repeated-dose toxicity research that were deemed to be most related to the chance assessment are summarized in Appendix 6. In a study performed by NTP , 5 male and female F rats had been dosed with resorcinol in deionized water via gavage at 0, High-dose females had significantly decreased absolute and relative thymus weights. No other biologically significant differences in organ weights had been noticed. In distinction to those findings, Eastin et al.<br /><br /><h2></h2><br />The organisms have been exposed to the check concentrations for ninety six h. Biological observations were carried out daily.<br />The third examine, performed in , included of energetic employees. In subjects males, thirteen ladies with a mean age of 37 years, each laboratory and other exams, including medical examination, had been done; no abnormal thyroid glands or changes in T 4 values have been present in any of the themes in comparison with normal values Bauer, The above data are limited due to small study sizes, lack of comparison teams, missing present and historic control knowledge, and missing info regarding potential exposure classes. In a study in a plant producing resorcinol by sulfonation of benzene — and also producing beta -resorcylic acid, resorcinol—formaldehyde resins, sulfites, and sulfates — staff had been exposed primarily to resorcinol, but the exposure to different brokers was not measured for exposure levels, see section 6. In this plant, three cross-sectional research were carried out between and Flickinger, In , medical examinations, chest X-rays, pulmonary function, haematology, and clinical chemistry have been performed with of persons actively employed at a manufacturing plant in Pennsylvania, USA. In addition, male rats have higher circulating levels of TSH than females.<br /><br /><h5></h5><br /><br /><ul><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>Under cardio circumstances, resorcinol proved to be readily biodegradable in a check conducted based on OECD TG C, and it is likely to be biodegraded underneath anaerobic situations.</li><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>In the body of a full life cycle toxicity check OECD TG , Lima observed no opposed effects after 48 h of exposure at the highest focus examined, 0.</li><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>However, taking into account the out there research for toxicity to aquatic plants, the NOEC for algae could be assumed to be greater than that for Daphnia magna.</li><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>In a examine performed by NTP , five female and male F rats had been dosed with resorcinol in deionized water by way of gavage at zero, High-dose females had significantly decreased absolute and relative thymus weights.</li><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>Resorcinol confirmed a focus-dependent increase in labelling index [ 3 H]thymidine , acanthosis, and papillomatosis.</li><br />  <br /> <br /> <br /></ul><br />Fifty per cent of survivors had been sacrificed 1 week later, and blood and urine samples have been taken. Resorcinol confirmed a concentration-dependent improve in labelling index [ 3 H]thymidine , acanthosis, and papillomatosis. After application of an ointment containing To study the goitrogenic activity of resorcinol, female Wistar rats have been treated twice day by day for 28 days by rubbing 6 g of an ointment containing Increased thyroid gland weights 2.<br />In , medical examinations see above and thyroid assessments were performed with of presumably energetic plant workers males and 33 girls. Flaked resorcinol triggered no perceptible to reasonable irritation intact skin or no perceptible necrosis abraded pores and skin.<br />Especially in rats, lengthy-term perturbations of the pituitary—thyroid axis caused by xenobiotics or physiological alterations e. For the thyroid, a non-statistically vital improve in TSH ranges was reported for interim males, however not at scheduled necropsy. In high-dosed females, T three levels were elevated, while there was no impact on T 3 or T four levels in males.<br />According to the outcomes obtained, Daphnia magna is probably the most delicate organism, and resorcinol could be categorised as acutely toxic solely to Daphnia. However, this value is questionable to be used as a limit value in threat assessment that is the very best concentration tested on this study , and the NOEC might be significantly larger than said in the study. In the environment, resorcinol is rapidly degraded half-life about 2 h by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals. Under cardio circumstances, resorcinol proved to be readily biodegradable in a test conducted in accordance with OECD TG C, and it is prone to be biodegraded under anaerobic conditions.<br /><br />In rodents, the upper sensitivity is also associated to a shorter plasma half-lifetime of T four than in humans because of considerable differences between species within the transport proteins for thyroid hormones. In plasma, the T 4 half-life is about 12—24 h in rats vs 5—9 days in people, and the serum ranges of TSH are about 25 occasions greater in rodents than in humans.<br /><br /><h1></h1><br />Experimental data on soil sorption utilizing silty loam indicate a really low potential for geoaccumulation. However, the exposed area cm 2 was significantly in excess of the typical space of skin normally treated for pimples. Formulations tested in the important thing research anti-acne cream and hair dye have in all probability changed during the last 20 or more years. Resorcinol enters the environment primarily during its utilization in client merchandise hair dyes and pharmaceuticals. In addition, localized high concentrations can seem in coal conversion wastewater or in wastewater in areas with oil shale mining.<br />There is no guideline study on toxicity for aquatic vegetation obtainable. As just one focus was examined, the examine can't be used in the risk analysis. There are a number of research available on acute toxicity to totally different fish species.
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<br />Furthermore, chronic studies with fish and Daphnia were carried out. For the toxicity to aquatic plants, no guideline research is available. However, taking into account the available studies for toxicity to aquatic vegetation, the NOEC for algae could be assumed to be higher than that for Daphnia magna. Exposure to resorcinol by means of peeling brokers presents an acute exposure state of affairs where the person is exposed to a high focus 7. Acute results have been described beneath these situations.<br /><br /><h4></h4><br />There are variations in thyroid physiology between people and animals. The weight of proof suggests that rodents are more delicate to thyroid effects than humans.<br />Complete recovery in all animals occurred within 1—1. Of the next studies, the repeated-dose toxicity research that had been deemed to be most related to the danger evaluation are summarized in Appendix 6. In a research performed by NTP , 5 female and male F rats have been dosed with resorcinol in deionized water by way of gavage at 0, High-dose females had considerably decreased absolute and relative thymus weights. No different biologically important variations in organ weights have been observed. In distinction to those findings, Eastin et al.<br /><br /><h2></h2><br />The organisms have been uncovered to the test concentrations for ninety six h. Biological observations had been carried out every day.<br />The third research, carried out in , included of active employees. In subjects males, thirteen women with a imply age of 37 years, each laboratory and different tests, including medical examination, had been accomplished; no irregular thyroid glands or modifications in T 4 values had been found in any of the topics when compared with normal values Bauer, The above information are limited because of small examine sizes, lack of comparison teams, missing current and historical management information, and missing information regarding potential publicity classes. In a study in a plant producing resorcinol by sulfonation of benzene — and in addition producing beta -resorcylic acid, resorcinol—formaldehyde resins, sulfites, and sulfates — workers had been exposed primarily to resorcinol, however the publicity to other brokers was not measured for publicity levels, see section 6. In this plant, three cross-sectional studies have been carried out between and Flickinger, In , medical examinations, chest X-rays, pulmonary function, haematology, and medical chemistry have been carried out with of persons actively employed at a production plant in Pennsylvania, USA. In addition, male rats have larger circulating levels of TSH than females.<br /><br /><br /><ul><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>Under aerobic conditions, resorcinol proved to be readily biodegradable in a test conducted based on OECD TG C, and it is more likely to be biodegraded under anaerobic situations.</li><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>Five of 3.</li><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>In one other study, rats were exposed to zero or 0.</li><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>In contrast to these findings, Eastin et al.</li><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>In the body of a full life cycle toxicity test OECD TG , Lima observed no adverse effects after 48 h of exposure on the highest focus examined, zero.</li><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>However, bearing in mind the available studies for toxicity to aquatic plants, the NOEC for algae can be assumed to be larger than that for Daphnia magna.</li><br />  <br />  <br />  <br /> <li>Resorcinol showed a focus-dependent enhance in labelling index [ three H]thymidine , acanthosis, and papillomatosis.</li><br />  <br /> <br /> <br /></ul><br />Fifty per cent of survivors were sacrificed 1 week later, and blood and urine samples had been taken. Resorcinol confirmed a concentration-dependent enhance in labelling index [ three H]thymidine , acanthosis, and papillomatosis. After software of an ointment containing To research the goitrogenic exercise of resorcinol, female Wistar rats have been treated twice every day for 28 days by rubbing 6 g of an ointment containing Increased thyroid gland weights 2.<br />In , medical examinations see above and thyroid assessments had been carried out with of presumably energetic plant employees males and 33 ladies. Flaked resorcinol caused no perceptible to average irritation intact pores and skin or no perceptible necrosis abraded skin.<br />Especially in rats, lengthy-term perturbations of the pituitary—thyroid axis attributable to xenobiotics or physiological alterations e. For the thyroid, a non-statistically vital increase in TSH ranges was reported for interim males, but not at scheduled necropsy. In high-dosed females, T 3 ranges had been increased, whereas there was no effect on T three or T 4 levels in males.<br />According to the results obtained, Daphnia magna is essentially the most delicate organism, and resorcinol may be categorized as acutely toxic solely to Daphnia. However, this worth is questionable for use as a restrict worth in danger assessment this is the best concentration examined in this research , and the NOEC could be significantly larger than acknowledged within the study. In the ambiance, resorcinol is rapidly degraded half-life about 2 h by response with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals. Under aerobic conditions, resorcinol proved to be readily biodegradable in a test performed according to OECD TG C, and it is more likely to be biodegraded underneath anaerobic circumstances.<br /><br />In rodents, the upper sensitivity can also be associated to a shorter plasma half-life of T 4 than in people due to appreciable differences between species in the transport proteins for thyroid hormones. In plasma, the T 4 half-life is about 12—24 h in rats vs 5—9 days in people, and the serum levels of TSH are about 25 instances higher in rodents than in humans.<br /><br /><h1></h1><br />Experimental data on soil sorption using silty loam point out a very low potential for geoaccumulation. However, the uncovered area cm 2 was significantly in excess of the common space of skin often treated for acne. Formulations examined in the important thing research anti-pimples cream and hair dye have probably changed over the last 20 or more years. Resorcinol enters the environment mainly during its utilization in shopper merchandise hair dyes and prescription drugs. In addition, localized excessive concentrations can appear in coal conversion wastewater or in wastewater in regions with oil shale mining.<br />There is no guideline research on toxicity for aquatic vegetation obtainable. As only one concentration was examined, the study cannot be used within the threat evaluation. There are a number of studies available on acute toxicity to different fish species.

Revision as of 17:53, 19 March 2020


Furthermore, chronic studies with fish and Daphnia were carried out. For the toxicity to aquatic plants, no guideline research is available. However, taking into account the available studies for toxicity to aquatic vegetation, the NOEC for algae could be assumed to be higher than that for Daphnia magna. Exposure to resorcinol by means of peeling brokers presents an acute exposure state of affairs where the person is exposed to a high focus 7. Acute results have been described beneath these situations.


There are variations in thyroid physiology between people and animals. The weight of proof suggests that rodents are more delicate to thyroid effects than humans.
Complete recovery in all animals occurred within 1—1. Of the next studies, the repeated-dose toxicity research that had been deemed to be most related to the danger evaluation are summarized in Appendix 6. In a research performed by NTP , 5 female and male F rats have been dosed with resorcinol in deionized water by way of gavage at 0, High-dose females had considerably decreased absolute and relative thymus weights. No different biologically important variations in organ weights have been observed. In distinction to those findings, Eastin et al.


The organisms have been uncovered to the test concentrations for ninety six h. Biological observations had been carried out every day.
The third research, carried out in , included of active employees. In subjects males, thirteen women with a imply age of 37 years, each laboratory and different tests, including medical examination, had been accomplished; no irregular thyroid glands or modifications in T 4 values had been found in any of the topics when compared with normal values Bauer, The above information are limited because of small examine sizes, lack of comparison teams, missing current and historical management information, and missing information regarding potential publicity classes. In a study in a plant producing resorcinol by sulfonation of benzene — and in addition producing beta -resorcylic acid, resorcinol—formaldehyde resins, sulfites, and sulfates — workers had been exposed primarily to resorcinol, however the publicity to other brokers was not measured for publicity levels, see section 6. In this plant, three cross-sectional studies have been carried out between and Flickinger, In , medical examinations, chest X-rays, pulmonary function, haematology, and medical chemistry have been carried out with of persons actively employed at a production plant in Pennsylvania, USA. In addition, male rats have larger circulating levels of TSH than females.






  • Under aerobic conditions, resorcinol proved to be readily biodegradable in a test conducted based on OECD TG C, and it is more likely to be biodegraded under anaerobic situations.




  • Five of 3.




  • In one other study, rats were exposed to zero or 0.




  • In contrast to these findings, Eastin et al.




  • In the body of a full life cycle toxicity test OECD TG , Lima observed no adverse effects after 48 h of exposure on the highest focus examined, zero.




  • However, bearing in mind the available studies for toxicity to aquatic plants, the NOEC for algae can be assumed to be larger than that for Daphnia magna.




  • Resorcinol showed a focus-dependent enhance in labelling index [ three H]thymidine , acanthosis, and papillomatosis.





Fifty per cent of survivors were sacrificed 1 week later, and blood and urine samples had been taken. Resorcinol confirmed a concentration-dependent enhance in labelling index [ three H]thymidine , acanthosis, and papillomatosis. After software of an ointment containing To research the goitrogenic exercise of resorcinol, female Wistar rats have been treated twice every day for 28 days by rubbing 6 g of an ointment containing Increased thyroid gland weights 2.
In , medical examinations see above and thyroid assessments had been carried out with of presumably energetic plant employees males and 33 ladies. Flaked resorcinol caused no perceptible to average irritation intact pores and skin or no perceptible necrosis abraded skin.
Especially in rats, lengthy-term perturbations of the pituitary—thyroid axis attributable to xenobiotics or physiological alterations e. For the thyroid, a non-statistically vital increase in TSH ranges was reported for interim males, but not at scheduled necropsy. In high-dosed females, T 3 ranges had been increased, whereas there was no effect on T three or T 4 levels in males.
According to the results obtained, Daphnia magna is essentially the most delicate organism, and resorcinol may be categorized as acutely toxic solely to Daphnia. However, this worth is questionable for use as a restrict worth in danger assessment this is the best concentration examined in this research , and the NOEC could be significantly larger than acknowledged within the study. In the ambiance, resorcinol is rapidly degraded half-life about 2 h by response with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals. Under aerobic conditions, resorcinol proved to be readily biodegradable in a test performed according to OECD TG C, and it is more likely to be biodegraded underneath anaerobic circumstances.

In rodents, the upper sensitivity can also be associated to a shorter plasma half-life of T 4 than in people due to appreciable differences between species in the transport proteins for thyroid hormones. In plasma, the T 4 half-life is about 12—24 h in rats vs 5—9 days in people, and the serum levels of TSH are about 25 instances higher in rodents than in humans.


Experimental data on soil sorption using silty loam point out a very low potential for geoaccumulation. However, the uncovered area cm 2 was significantly in excess of the common space of skin often treated for acne. Formulations examined in the important thing research anti-pimples cream and hair dye have probably changed over the last 20 or more years. Resorcinol enters the environment mainly during its utilization in shopper merchandise hair dyes and prescription drugs. In addition, localized excessive concentrations can appear in coal conversion wastewater or in wastewater in regions with oil shale mining.
There is no guideline research on toxicity for aquatic vegetation obtainable. As only one concentration was examined, the study cannot be used within the threat evaluation. There are a number of studies available on acute toxicity to different fish species.